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Imam Shafi Books: How His Poems and Treatises Shaped the Shafi'i Madhhab



Finally, whilst there are many great and beneficial books, not all are suited for curriculum study, which necessitates clear objectives and obtainable goals with clearly defined parameters aiding instruction.




imam shafi books




The author, while appreciative of these works, noticed that they do not include a number of important issues found in the earlier books of the Ashab al-Wujuh. Therefore, to the contents of the above, he added further material from:


I had a few questions about the usul al fiqh stages listed. Apologises for the number of questions. Firstly, I am not a shafii, I am hanafi, though I have an interest in usul al fiqh and am studying shafii and hanafi books of usul al fiqh. I have discussed with my shuyukh of course, but i wished to hear your perspective as well:


1. Was the intent of the stage for one to study all books in each stage before taking books from the next stage? Or one from each stage? or a handful of them depending on the mastery one wants to achieve? I assume its much more important to be studying more of the later stages. It seems Im to be going from (in terms of shafii usul al fiqh) al waraqaat, to al luma and al faqih wal muttafaqih (I am in the middle of this stage atm), to lubb al usul, to jam al jawami etc


BarakAllahu feekum brother, i found the post very informative al hamdulillah.I find thought that there are a lot of books mentioned, especially for a curriculum, compared to the books in the Hanbali and Maliki sections for example.


On the following day, al-Shafi`i went to his appointment, carrying Malik's book Al-Muwatta', and started to read. Malik was very pleased with his diction and delivery. When al-Shafi`i felt that he might have tired his teacher, he hesitated, but Malik told him to continue. Thus, he managed to complete reading the great book under the great imam in a very short period of time.


But people who are unwilling to compromise often find themselves in the bad books of rulers. Al-Shafi`i stayed in Najran for five years, towards the end of which a strong-fisted governor was appointed. It was only natural that al-Shafi`i should criticise him for any injustice he might perpetrate. In his position, al-Shafi`i was able to curb that Governor's injustice. Hence, the latter disliked him and sought to remove him. So he wrote to the Caliph accusing him of supporting a fermenting revolt by people loyal to the Alawees, i.e. the descendents of Ali. He added: "I have no authority over this man, and he achieves by the word of his tongue much more than a fighter can achieve with his sword."


Perhaps this accusation was the best thing that happened to al-Shafi`i, because it brought him back to the pursuit of knowledge. Moreover, al-Shafi`i stayed in Muhammad ibn Al-Hassan's home and read under him all the books he had written, recording the Fiqh of Abu Haneefah and his disciples. When he left Baghdad two years later, he said: "I carried with me a whole camel load of books, all of which I learnt directly from Muhammad ibn Al-Hassan."


al-Shafi`i had a fine literary style, which gave him powerful expression, coupled with lucid presentation. Moreover, his delivery was very clear and his voice added clarity to his thoughts. One of his students says: "Every scholar gives more in his books than when you meet him personally, except for al-Shafi`i whose verbal discussion gives you more than his books." When we remember that his books were among the finest in style, lucidity and presentation, we realise what this student is talking about.


It was during this stay in Baghdad, lasting over two years, that he dictated his books, mainly Al-Umm, which contains his views on all detailed questions of Fiqh, and Al-Risaalah, which is his book on the methodology of Fiqh, the first book ever to be written on this subject.


al-Shafi`i lived at a time when different branches of knowledge were taking shape and being set on firm basis, with dedicated scholars writing their reference books, each in his field of specialisation. In linguistics, poetry, literary criticism and other language studies, there were scholars setting these branches on firm footing. In hadith, criteria were identified to sort out authentic hadiths, isolating them from a multitude of hadiths attributed to the Prophet ﷺ without firm evidence of authenticity. In Fiqh different schools were emerging and taking form, particularly with the writing of Al-Muwatta', by Imam Malik as the basic book of the Maliki school of thought, and Muhammad ibn Al-Hassan's books recording the Hanafi school's views.


When al-Shafi`i settled in Egypt in the last five years of his life, he revised many of his views as expressed in his books which he authored and taught in Iraq. He might have expressed two views on a certain matter when he was in Baghdad. Now he would come solidly in favour of either one of them, or he may express a third view to retain all three, or he may abandon both his two old views in favour of a third one which he finds to be better supported, either by a hadith he did not know before or by an analogy which he finds to be more valid. People often refer to this process as the 'new al-Shafi`i school of thought', as distinguished from his old one that relies on his old books dictated in Baghdad. The fact is that it is all a thorough revision of his books, bringing out a new revised version. Indeed he considered the old version abrogated. This shows that al-Shafi`i continued his pursuit of the truth throughout his life.


The best known works of al-Shafi`i have been mentioned already. The first is Al-Risalah, which establishes a specialised branch of Islamic studies. That is the one known as Usool al-Fiqh, or the methodology of Islamic law. The second is Al-UmmI, in which he records his legal views on all questions. This is the book he continued to revise until his death. Al-Risalah continued to receive much attention by scholars and it has been published many times with annotation. It is a middle-sized volume of great importance. Al-Umm, which embodies the bulk of al-Shafi`i Fiqh has been published, but has not received the editing attention it deserves. Very recently, most of al-Shafi`i's books have been published together under the title, al-Shafi`i's Encyclopaedia, bringing 10 books together, in 10 large volumes. However, the work still needs more detailed editing and annotating attention.


Aḥmad ibn Salamah al-NaysAbūri said: Isḥāq ibn Rāḥawayh married a woman whose previous husband owned the books of al-Shafiʿī, and had passed away. He did not marry her except for the books.


Authentic sources that specifically show all the 'aqeedah (especially the stance on Asma was-Siffaat) of the following a'immah. The 'aqeedah of imam Abu Hanifa, imam Malik ibn Anas, imam ash-Shaafi'i, imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, imaam Al-Ghazzaali, imam an-Nawawi, as-Sheykh ibn Kathir, as-Sheykh Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawaniy and as-Sheykh Abu'l Hassan al-Ash'ariyy. 2ff7e9595c


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